51吃瓜

After promising to clean up the听fake news coming from elsewhere, Facebook invested in its own fake news.

For several years, Facebook was celebrated on Wall Street and the media for achieving the American dream. It succeeded in imposing itself as both a virtual and virtuous monopoly, despite its original motto of 鈥淢ove Fast and Break Things.鈥� People saw it as virtuous because, free of charge, it opened up a channel of communication that hadn鈥檛 existed before.

Virtual monopoly has become the implicit ideal of modern businesses competing in global markets. One of the keys to achieving it is to create the illusion that your company is just an underdog that made it to the top by its own efforts in a marketplace that is still ready to reward the next underdog. But once a company gets to the top, it will inevitably employ all its resources to defend the perception consumers have of it as a dominant player whose virtues make it an attractive choice in what still appears to be an open marketplace.

Facebook has become an example, not of 鈥渢oo big to fail,鈥� but of 鈥渢oo big not to use its massive resources to stifle critics.鈥� Slate the latest Facebook scandal: 鈥淭he New York Times had reported in a bombshell investigation the week before that the company hired Definers to create media narratives linking anti-Facebook protestors to liberal billionaire George Soros and criticizing competitors for unsavory business practices.鈥�

Here is today鈥檚 3D definition:听

Narrative:

Either a real story or fake news, or something in between

Contextual note

Facebook has been under investigation for providing the channels for fake news that turned the 2016 presidential election in Donald Trump鈥檚 favor. This has had a disastrous effect on the image of a company that had achieved a virtual monopoly as the unique and universal digital meeting place for likeminded people.

But Facebook is more than just a potential vector of fake news from unknown sources. As the advocacy Freedom from Facebook claims, it goes well beyond its declared mission of connecting people and assumes the power, based on its own commercial interest, of deciding 鈥渢he news that billions of people around the world see every day.鈥� It also 鈥渂uys up or bankrupts potential competitors to protect its monopoly, killing innovation and choice.鈥� It hoards data, encourages addictive behavior and 鈥渟erves up everything about us to its true customers — virtually anyone willing to pay for the ability to convince us to buy, do, or believe something.鈥�

This is not fake news, but a description of how Facebook鈥檚 current business model is structured to work. That may not have been the model Mark Zuckerberg had in mind when he created Facebook or even when it began to dominate the marketplace, but that is the machine it has become 鈥� like all machines, a prisoner of its own systemic logic. Personal or ethical intentions on the part of its leaders, assuming they existed, could not and cannot change that logic.

The best demonstration of the systemic nature of the machine is the initiative Facebook took to 鈥渃reate a media narrative,鈥� maligning Freedom from Facebook by invoking the negative image of Soros promoted by the anti-Semitic far right to call into question the integrity of its critic. This was a true example of 鈥渇ake news,鈥� as in its analysis of the real backers of Freedom for Facebook, who are not 鈥� as their message seems to imply 鈥� simply grassroots Facebook users, but a network of organized activists. An example of fighting fire with fire.

Historical note

Monopolies got a bad name during the presidency of 鈥渢rust buster鈥� Theodore Roosevelt, which was only partially redeemed by the resounding success of the board game Monopoly, demonstrating the ambiguous attitudes Americans have always had toward monopolies. In US culture, people adore two things that often become contradictory: the underdog and unchallenged success.

Despite the belief in the ideal attributed to Adam Smith of capitalism as a system founded on the principle of competitiveness and equal opportunity, the natural trend of unfettered capitalism is toward monopoly. Even when monopoly is forbidden as a result of government regulation, business strategy in modern capitalism strives toward monopoly as its ultimate objective. The recent trendy concept of 鈥溾�� is precisely that: a clever (i.e., devious) way of achieving monopoly without infringing the law. Professors W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne launched the idea in a , whose wisdom is summed up in the title and subtitle: Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and Make Competition Irrelevant.

That is what Facebook achieved: domination of the blue ocean, where competition became effectively irrelevant. What the authors don鈥檛 describe is how blue ocean success leads to the defensive instinct to stifle criticism by any means available. Facebook is of course a special case because unlike Amazon or Home Depot, the social media network is a vector for narrative, including its own fake news.

*[In the age of Oscar Wilde and Mark Twain, another American wit, the journalist Ambrose Bierce, produced a series of satirical definitions of commonly used terms, throwing light on their hidden meanings in real discourse. Bierce eventually collected and published them as a book,听, in 1911. We have shamelessly appropriated his title in the interest of continuing his wholesome pedagogical effort to enlighten generations of readers of the news.]

The views expressed in this article are the author鈥檚 own and do not necessarily reflect 51吃瓜鈥檚 editorial policy.